Henry Ford Health System (HFHS) Critical Care Practice Exam

Hypokalemia, which is a lower than normal level of potassium in the blood, is characteristically associated with flat or inverted T waves on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Potassium plays a critical role in cardiac electrical activity and maintains normal cellular function. When potassium levels drop, it can lead to alterations in the repolarization phase of the cardiac action potential, which manifests as changes in the T wave on the ECG.

In hypokalemia, the T waves become flattened or inverted due to the reduced potassium concentration, which influences the heart's depolarization and repolarization processes. Recognizing these changes on an ECG can be pivotal in diagnosing and managing patients with electrolyte imbalances effectively.

Other symptoms of hypokalemia can include muscle weakness or cramps, but the distinct changes on the ECG, particularly the flat or inverted T waves, are key indicators that healthcare providers assess routinely. Thus, understanding the typical ECG findings is essential for recognizing and addressing the complications associated with low potassium levels.