Using Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) serves to improve oxygenation and enhance lung mechanics in patients, particularly in critical care settings. One of the primary benefits of implementing PEEP is its capacity to recruit collapsed or under-inflated alveoli, increasing the functional residual capacity (FRC) of the lungs. This recruitment improves ventilation-perfusion matching and reduces shunting, ultimately leading to improved arterial oxygenation.
As a result of better oxygenation, PEEP can often allow for a reduction in the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) required to maintain target oxygen saturation levels. By decreasing the FiO2 requirements, the risk of oxygen toxicity can be minimized, as high concentrations of oxygen can have detrimental effects, including lung injury.
In summary, the correct answer reflects the therapeutic goal of using PEEP in managing patients with respiratory distress: to enhance oxygenation through recruitment of alveoli while allowing for a decrease in the reliance on supplemental oxygen. This ultimately supports better lung function and patient outcomes in critical care settings.