Which condition is NOT associated with increased pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)?

Hypovolemic shock typically results from a significant loss of blood volume, which leads to a decrease in venous return to the heart and reduced cardiac output. This reduced output generally leads to lower pulmonary artery pressures rather than higher, as there is less blood flow through the pulmonary arteries. In contrast, conditions like COPD, pericardial tamponade, and increased intra-abdominal pressure can lead to elevated pulmonary artery pressures due to various pathophysiological mechanisms.

In COPD, chronic hypoxia and pulmonary vasoconstriction can lead to an increase in pulmonary artery pressure. Pericardial tamponade can elevate pressures due to restricted heart filling, causing a backload effect. Similarly, increased intra-abdominal pressure can impede diaphragm movement and venous return, raising pulmonary artery pressures as the pulmonary circulation is affected. Understanding these mechanisms highlights why hypovolemic shock is distinctly associated with lower pulmonary artery pressure compared to the other listed conditions.